Air
conditioners are complex mechanical systems that are reliant on a wide variety
of conditions to perform suitably. They are sized to meet a specific “load” in
the house. They are devised to have particular amount of refrigerant, known as
the “charge”. They are designed to have a specific amount of air flow across
the coils. The system encounter problems when any of these things changes.
When
producing more heat indoors either from having more people or appliances or
because of changes in the house, the air conditioning may not be able to sustain.
If
the refrigerant charge on the system leaks out, it reduces the capacity of the
system, which causes less cooling and the system fails to keep going
when the load gets high.
If
airflow across the outdoor (condenser) coil is lessened, the capacity to disallow
heat outdoors is diminished and then again the capacity of the system may drop,
particularly at higher outdoor temperatures.
In
Southwest United States where dry climates are expected, the same issues occur
concerning with the indoor (evaporator) coil: higher airflow helps, lower
airflow hurts. In humid climates, the situation is more complex. At higher
airflows, less dehumidification is present, leading to high indoor humidity. If
the airflow gets too low, however, the evaporator coil may freeze, causing
performance inferior and can damage the compressor until it fails, leaving with
costly repair bill and no cooling.
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